if you have been designing stuff in Access, then unless you are talking to say a dBase, or some other legacy data store, or possibly Excel /word then you have almost certainly been designing SQL databases.
as to the correct choice of weapon system (php/MySQL, Access/JET or MySQl or SQL server) that depends...
it depends on what the aim of the operation is.. is it a business requirement that is dictated by a customer, is it a 'for instance' training exercise for you, is it cost driven.
how many concurrent users do you expec to use the app.
We based GUI is pretty limited, although with the advent of AJAX you can get a more traditional style UI if you so wish
if its cost driven then its very very hard to beat something PHP, especially if you are using MySQL. Mind you having dabble din Ruby on Rails that to seems pretty nifty.
if its a scaleable business solution that cannot run on a web system then virtually any of the .NET technologies are appropriate
if its a package to be sold to someone then .NET is almost certainly a requirement
if its a training / CV building exercise then .NET is probably the best route.
Personally I find PHP pretty easy to develop for..., for web work its plenty powerful & flexible enough, there are a lot of classes and libraries out there to do what you want and it isn't going to cost a great deal. the downside is debugging can be a pain, especially if you are going for web 2 and/or integrating Javascript into your pages.. even with the Eclipse IDE. You are not going to get anywhere near the level of breakpoints and debugging capability that comes so easily with VBA.
If you are up to speed then anything
VB related (
VB,
VB.net, ASP, ASP.NET....mebbe even C#) will be a shallower learning curve.... if you haven't used C or C++ before then personally Id avoid it like the plague. Many developers swear by it, Im in the camp that swears at it.
Java is supposed to be the coming language.. it hasn't knocked C or
VB off its perch yet, and its been doing the rounds for a while.