The possible subsets of F are:
Scope 0: The empty set
Scope 1: a, b, c, d
Scope 2: ab, ac, ad, bc, bd, cd
Scope 3: abc, acd, bcd
Scope 4: abcd
Just an observation, but there are a very small subset of people that use Relational Algebra for work. None of those people would ask this question. If you're going to try to blow smoke, at least try to blow plausible smoke.
-PatP