For DB2 LUW (Linux, UNIX, Windows) there are these types:
- Partitioned Databases (also known as Data Partitioning Feature or InfoSphere Warehouse). This is not included in DB2 ESE by default (requires extra licensing). This uses hash partitioning to spread data in a table across multiple logical and physical nodes.
- Table Partitioning - Also known as range partitioning, such as partitioning by month, etc. This is available for ESE licenses.
- Multiple Dimensional Clustering (MDC) - This is not exactly partitioning but is physically storing data in a hierarchical manner, sort of like IMS (a hierarchical non-relational database). This is available for ESE licenses.
You can Google for more background information on these.