I hope I have some answers for you:
1. Having an index will slow the insert instead of making it faster. The index need to be maintained also. Records are not stored ordered or something like that, so no benefit in that.
2. PDQ might help somewhat, if the insert is a select...insert statement. Just doing a lot of inserts after each other will not be faster with PDQ. Every insert is dealt with seperately and sequentially.
3. Reading and writing from the some table, is raising the locing on one object. Also of course reads on the bitmap pages etc. is done at the same time., This are just some explanations there might be more.
There are some extra things you can try, speeding up the insert:
A. Create your table fragmented round robin, this will speed up the I/O
B. Use an insert cursor (PUT) instead of single inserts. I've seen batchjobs run 10x faster using cursors.
Hope this helps,
Rob Prop