Howdy. Here is one method:
) Select the cells, columns or rows you want to be able to TYPE data into. (if only a few cells to lock, then easier to select the entire worksheet)
2) Go to Format / Cells / protection tab
3) Remove the check mark from "locked"
4) Tools / protection / protect sheet and apply protection
You will find that you can only type data in the cells that you selected and then removed the "locked" check mark.