So what you want to do is specify some part of a column name, then search a table for any column that matches that specification, then search those columns for values that match the LIKE pattern, right? That sounds like a job for dynamic SQL to me, maybe getting some help from a full text search index.
Depending on what tool(s) you are using, MySQL may be able to do what you are describing, but I don't know of anything built into MySQL that will do it for you.
-PatP