there isn't
if you want truly unlimited levels up or down, i.e. child to parent to grandparent, etc., or parent to child to grandchild, etc., then you must do this recursively from your scripting language
only oracle, as far as i know, has this built in to the query language
if you can be satisfied with results that are limited to N levels, then you can write a simple N+1 self-join using outer joins
e.g.
http://www.sitepoint.com/forums/showthread.php?p=975494